Quick answer. Check that each rig can turn a rate into a coefficient. Every mass transfer experiment here measures a rate, and a rate only becomes a transferable coefficient if three things are known: the driving force, which means analysing both phases or reading wet and dry bulb temperatures on a dryer; the interfacial area, such as a column's wetted area; and a settled steady state before readings begin. Ask what each rig measures on both phases, not just one. Then order by name, because this listing also holds records copied in from unrelated ranges and shares its MTLE prefix with another category.
The mass transfer equipment in this listing covers six subjects, and these are the records to ask for by name: diffusion - vapour in air, liquid in liquid and solid in air diffusion apparatus; gas-liquid contacting - a wetted wall column and absorption in a wetted wall column; adsorption in a packed bed; drying - a fluidised bed dryer, a rotary dryer and natural and forced draft tray dryers; extraction - solid-liquid extraction of the packed bed type and liquid-liquid extraction in a packed bed; and distillation, including a steam distillation set-up.
And the part we would rather tell you than let you discover. This listing also contains records that are not mass transfer equipment at all - they were copied in from other ranges when the catalogue was imported, and most of them can be recognised by a digit on the end of the name. Among them are a shoe flex tester, which belongs with footwear testing equipment; a Martindale abrasion tester, which belongs with fabric testing equipment; a windmill machine, which belongs with renewable energy trainers; and several friction and toggle joint rigs, which belong with theory of machines. There is also a record named after this category itself. We are cleaning this up. In the meantime, ask for the mass transfer items by name, ignore anything with a trailing digit unless we confirm what it is, and have the product name and specification confirmed on the proforma invoice.
One further code warning: this listing uses the prefix MTLE, and so does momentum transfer lab equipment - both category names end in "Transfer Lab Equipment". MTLE-0001 is a fluidised bed dryer here and a drag coefficient apparatus there.
Every experiment in mass transfer measures a rate, and a rate is only a coefficient if three things are known. This is the test to apply to any rig on this page before buying it, and it is what separates a demonstration from a result.
| What must be known | In practice that means | If it is missing |
|---|---|---|
| The driving force | The concentration or humidity difference between the two phases - which means analysing both streams, or measuring wet and dry bulb temperatures on a dryer | No driving force, no coefficient. On a dryer, without the inlet air humidity you cannot compute the driving force at all, only the time the sample took to dry in that room on that day |
| The interfacial area | The wetted area of a column, the surface of a sample, the external area of the particles in a bed | The result is a rate for that apparatus rather than a transferable coefficient |
| Time, and steady state | A stable temperature and a settled flow before readings begin; and for diffusion, patience, because the measurable change is slow | A reading taken while the rig is still settling is a measurement of the settling |
So when you ask us for a quotation, ask what each rig measures on both phases, not just one.
Four dryers are listed - fluidised bed, rotary, natural draft tray and forced draft tray - and drying is the mass transfer subject a student is most likely to meet at work, in food, pharmaceutical and chemical plants alike. The experiment is the drying curve: moisture content against time, showing the constant-rate period, the critical moisture content and the falling-rate period where the material itself starts to control.
Getting that curve requires one thing that is easy to leave off a specification. The sample has to be weighed repeatedly without stopping the air flow - a dryer where the tray must be removed and carried to a balance gives a drying curve with holes in it, and every interruption changes the conditions. Ask whether the sample can be weighed in situ, by a balance under the tray or a suspended arrangement, and what its resolution is.
Then ask for the air side: air flow rate and how it is measured, inlet air temperature and humidity, by wet and dry bulb thermometers or a hygrometer, and whether the air can be heated to a set temperature and held there. A dryer with controlled air temperature, measured air flow and measured humidity produces a drying curve a student can interpret; one with a fan and a heater produces a curve that cannot be compared with anything, including the same experiment next week in different weather.
The wetted wall column gives a gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient, and it depends entirely on the liquid film being smooth and unbroken over the full wetted length. A column with poor liquid distribution channels, the film breaks, the real area is unknown and the coefficient is wrong - so ask how the liquid is distributed at the top, what the wetted length and diameter are, and how the gas is analysed at inlet and outlet. For absorption work, ask what system the rig is designed for and what reagents the analysis needs.
The diffusion apparatus - vapour in air, liquid in liquid, solid in air - measures a diffusivity, which is a slow measurement of a small change: a falling liquid level in a capillary over hours, or a conductivity rising as salt diffuses. Two things matter: a stable temperature, because diffusivity is temperature-dependent and the experiment runs long enough for a room to warm up; and a readable measurement, so ask how the level or the concentration is read and at what resolution. These are good project experiments and poor two-hour practicals.
The extraction units, solid-liquid and liquid-liquid, teach stage efficiency and the use of an operating line, and they bring solvents into the laboratory. Ask which solvent the exercise assumes, whether it can be imported and stored where you are, how it is recovered, and where the spent extract goes. Many extraction solvents are flammable, so extraction equipment belongs in an extracted position away from heaters and ignition sources, and the laboratory needs the provisions set out in our chemical reaction engineering listing - fume extraction, eyewash, a spill kit and a waste route agreed in writing before delivery.
Adsorption in a packed bed produces a breakthrough curve, which is the design basis for every industrial adsorber. Ask what adsorbent is supplied, how the effluent concentration is measured continuously or sampled, and whether the bed can be regenerated so the experiment can be repeated without buying new adsorbent each time - the regeneration is itself worth a session.
Settle before delivery: electrical supply with earth-leakage protection on every outlet, since water, solvents and heaters share these benches; cooling water supply and drain, with the quantity per run for the distillation units; compressed air where a fluidised bed needs it, clean and dry; fume extraction over anything handling a solvent; and bench space that allows a column to be reached at top and bottom.
And if the steam distillation unit is on your list, settle the steam supply first. A steam generator is normally a registered pressure vessel subject to periodic inspection by a competent authority in the destination country, and that is a matter of arranging registration before commissioning rather than after. Ask us for the vessel certificate, drawings and relief settings with the quotation, and put them to your own authority before the equipment ships.
For each rig: the experiment and what is measured on each phase, with accuracies; for dryers, in-situ weighing and its resolution, air flow measurement, inlet temperature control and humidity measurement; for columns, wetted length and diameter, liquid distribution, and the analysis method at inlet and outlet; for diffusion, how the measurement is read and whether temperature is controlled; for extraction and adsorption, the solvent or adsorbent assumed, quantities per run, recovery, regeneration and the waste route; services required, including steam and its certification; time to a result, since several of these are project-length experiments; consumables and spares with prices; the worksheets supplied; mass, footprint and access; nominal voltage, frequency and plug pattern; and the warranty, commissioning and local service position. For any certification stated here, contact us for the latest copies of the relevant certificates before you tender on it.
Related ranges: momentum transfer lab equipment and the heat transfer lab range for the other two transport subjects, chemical reaction engineering for reactors, columns and unit operations, and process control and instrumentation for control. The full set is listed under mechanical lab equipments. For a quotation, send us your syllabus experiment list - on this page that is especially useful, because it lets us quote the mass transfer equipment and leave out the records that should not be in this category at all.
Six subjects: diffusion (vapour in air, liquid in liquid and solid in air), gas-liquid contacting (a wetted wall column and absorption in a wetted wall column), adsorption in a packed bed, drying (fluidised bed, rotary, and natural and forced draft tray dryers), extraction (solid-liquid and liquid-liquid, packed bed type) and distillation, including a steam distillation set-up. Records such as a shoe flex tester, a Martindale abrasion tester, a windmill machine and several friction and toggle joint rigs were copied in from other ranges and are mostly marked by a trailing digit. Ask for items by name and have each confirmed on the proforma invoice.
The drying curve plots moisture content against time and shows the constant-rate period, the critical moisture content and the falling-rate period. To get it, the sample must be weighed repeatedly without stopping the air flow, so ask whether it can be weighed in situ, by a balance under the tray or a suspended arrangement, and at what resolution; carrying a tray to a balance leaves holes in the curve. On the air side, ask how air flow is measured, how inlet temperature and humidity are read, by wet and dry bulb thermometers or a hygrometer, and whether air temperature can be set and held.
The column gives a gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient, and that depends entirely on the liquid film staying smooth and unbroken over the full wetted length. With poor liquid distribution the liquid channels, the film breaks, the real area becomes unknown and the coefficient is wrong. So ask how the liquid is distributed at the top, what the wetted length and diameter are, and how the gas is analysed at inlet and outlet. For the absorption version, ask which gas-liquid system the rig is designed for and what reagents the analysis needs, and leave bench space to reach the column at top and bottom.
Usually not. The vapour in air, liquid in liquid and solid in air apparatus measure a diffusivity, which is a slow measurement of a small change: a liquid level falling in a capillary over hours, or a conductivity rising as salt diffuses. Two things matter. Temperature must be stable, because diffusivity depends on it and the experiment runs long enough for a room to warm up. And the measurement must be readable, so ask how the level or concentration is read and at what resolution, and whether temperature is controlled. Treat these as good project experiments rather than short practicals.
The solid-liquid and liquid-liquid extraction units teach stage efficiency and the operating line, and they bring solvents into the laboratory. Ask which solvent the exercise assumes, whether it can be imported and stored where you are, how it is recovered and where the spent extract goes. Many extraction solvents are flammable, so site the units away from heaters and ignition sources, with fume extraction, an eyewash, a spill kit and a waste route agreed in writing before delivery. For the packed bed adsorption unit, ask what adsorbent is supplied, how effluent concentration is measured, and whether the bed can be regenerated.
The steam supply, first. A steam generator is normally a registered pressure vessel subject to periodic inspection by a competent authority in the destination country, and registration should be arranged before commissioning rather than after. Ask for the vessel drawings and relief settings with the quotation, contact us for the latest copies of the relevant certificates, and put them to your own authority before the equipment ships. Also settle the other services: earth-leakage protection on every outlet, cooling water supply and drain with the quantity per run for the distillation units, and clean, dry compressed air if a fluidised bed needs it.
Ray Export is a manufacturer and exporter of laboratory, scientific and educational equipment based at Plot No. 449, HSIIDC Industrial Area, Saha, Ambala, Haryana 133104, India. Enquiries: [email protected], +91-9817319615.
Written by Palak Mall, Senior Content Writer. Technically reviewed by Arvind Kumar, Lab Equipment Specialist, 12+ years in laboratory and testing instrumentation. Last updated: 17 October 2026.
Specifications for the mass transfer rigs, including what is measured on each phase, in-situ weighing resolution, wetted length and diameter, the solvent or adsorbent assumed and the services required, are confirmed in writing on the quotation. For the steam generator and other documents, contact us for the latest copies of the relevant certificates. No price is quoted on this page. Listing note: this listing contains records copied in from other ranges, including a shoe flex tester, a Martindale abrasion tester, a windmill machine and several friction and toggle joint rigs, most marked by a trailing digit, plus a record named after the category itself; and the MTLE prefix is shared with momentum transfer lab equipment, where MTLE-0001 is a different product.
Highlights Low-financially savvy instructing. Independent. Divider mounted. Variable point of lap. Level, round and vee belts. Assurance of coefficient of grating. Confirmation of belt pressure law. Three year guarantee. Scope of Experiments To watch the connection between the strains in the two sides of a belt To evaluate the contrasts between Vee, rope, and level belts To decide the coefficient of rubbing between the pulley and belt for the belt segments To research the impact of point of lap Description The mechanical assembly comprises of a divider mounted pulley with a stacked belt. The pulley is made of aluminum and has two machined scores to suit a level Vee belt, and a rope. For a given belt strain and point of lap, a turning minute can be connected by adding weights to the pulley drive holder. The thought is to decide the torque which noble motivations the pulley to turn, thus to discover the proportion of the belt strains. This empowers the belt strain condition to be checked and the coefficient of rubbing to be resolved. The point of lap can be effortlessly changed. This hardware is a piece of a range intended to both exhibit and tentatively affirm essential designing standards. Extraordinary care has been given to every thing in order to give wide test scope without unduly confusing or trading off the plan. Each bit of mechanical assembly is independent and minimal. Setting up time is insignificant, and all estimations are made with the most straightforward conceivable instrumentation, so the understudy association is absolutely with the designing standards being instructed. An entire direction manual is given depicting the contraption, its application, trial method and commonplace test outcomes..
Highlights Low cost, powerful showing Self-contained Bench mounted 4 grating materials provided as standard Other materials accessible Determination of coefficient of sliding and static grinding Three year guarantee Range of Experiments To decide the coefficient of contact under static and sliding conditions between different materials and steel To check the point of erosion for the material To gauge the power required to move a body up a slanted plane against gravity and rubbing Description The 600mm stainless steel plane can be secured any precise position between ±45°, demonstrated on a semi-roundabout protractor scale. Four slider plate are provided having nylon, metal, aluminum and brake lining material bases. Every plate thusly is joined to a weight holder and weights are included until the plate just starts to slide. The test may likewise be utilized as an activity in balance of powers, deciding the power required to move the plate along the plane giving the coefficient of grinding. This hardware is a piece of a range intended to both exhibit and tentatively affirm essential building standards. Incredible care has been given to every thing in order to give wide exploratory extension without unduly muddling or bargaining the plan. Each bit of mechanical assembly is independent and smaller. Setting up time is insignificant, and all estimations are made with the easiest conceivable instrumentation, so the understudy contribution is absolutely with the designing standards being educated. An entire direction manual is given depicting the contraption, its application, test system and ordinary test outcomes..
Highlights Low cost, compelling instructing. Bona fide business item, altered. Variable number of cutting edges. Variable cutting edge. Assurance of energy yield and productivity. Requires wellspring of wind. Three year guarantee. Scope of Experiments To decide the electrical power yield and slowing down point for a windmill over a scope of Wind speed Blade Angle Number of Blades To research the impact of cutting edge slow down v. control yield To decide the electrical and mechanical efficiencies of the windmill for an indistinguishable factors from in (1). Depiction The windmill is a changed form of a little business machine utilized for yachts and nation houses. It has six plastic aerofoil molded sharp edges mounted in an empty center point which contains an arrangement of changeless magnets and a circled conductive winding. At the point when the plant turns, a substituting voltage is produced. Windings are mounted on a plate, which is settled to a pole running in course. This pole is controlled by a phosphor bronze spring, strain checked to quantify torque. An inductive transducer is utilized to quantify rotor speed. From these outcomes the mechanical power can be built up. Electrical power yield is estimated as far as the yield voltage over a variable load. The six edges are mounted in movable managers with the goal that their pitch can be modified. Sharp edges can likewise be evacuated to survey the impact of cutting edge strength. A wellspring of wind is required. This can be given by the Wind Machine. This hardware is a piece of a range intended to both show and tentatively affirm essential designing standards. Incredible care has been given to every thing to give wide exploratory degree without unduly confounding or trading off the outline. Each bit of mechanical assembly is independent and smaller. Setting up time is insignificant, and all estimations are made with the easiest conceivable instrumentation, so the understudy contribution is simply with the building standards being educated. An entire guideline manual is given depicting the mechanical assembly, its application, test system and run of the mill test comes about.
Highlights Self-contained Free-standing, floor mounted Variable load, speed and oil Determination of coefficient of erosion Three year guarantee Range of Experiments Determination of coefficient of rubbing between two bearing surfaces - Dry, no oil - Lightly greased up - Fully greased up To examine the impact of oil on - Journal stack - Shaft speed - Operating temperature - Type of oil To set up the connection between the contact torque and - Journal stack - Operating temperature - Type of oil Description: This contraption is intended to decide the grating torque in a plain diary bearing under differing states of load, speed and oil. The ground steel shaft is driven by a 250W variable speed electric engine. The diary lodging has a thermometer take, a sight sustain lubricator and a removeable end cover. Oil can't be tossed out. Grinding because of end confront contact is particularly diminished by the utilization of a "coasting" sleeve. Grinding torque is estimated by adding weights to a heap holder suspended from the damped torque arm. Weights added to the lower holder apply an unfaltering burden to the direction of up to 650N. White metal, sintered bronze and impregnated PTFE sleeves are provided. An electronic tachometer is given to estimation of the pole speed. This hardware is a piece of a range intended to both exhibit and tentatively affirm essential designing standards. Extraordinary care has been given to every thing in order to give wide test scope without unduly convoluting or trading off the plan. Each bit of contraption is independent and reduced. Setting up time is negligible, and all estimations are made with the easiest conceivable instrumentation, so the understudy association is simply with the building standards being instructed. An entire guideline manual is given portraying the device, its application, trial technique and normal test outcomes..
Highlights Low cost, viable instructing. Independent. Divider mounted. Scope of turn edges provided. Discretionary orientation accessible. Assurance of coefficient of rubbing. Three year guarantee. Scope of Experiments To examine the connection between frictional torque and pivotal push. To decide the impact of the bearing cone point. To acquire the coefficient of contact for various direction. Portrayal The mechanical assembly comprises of a turning roundabout table on a vertical shaft. An assortment of end turns can be connected to the lower end of the pole. The unit turns on a compatible seating chose to coordinate the center point of the rotate. Unadulterated torsion is connected to the table through a couple of oppositely inverse stacked lines and pulleys. The push on the bearing can be fluctuated by adding weights to the table. This hardware is a piece of a range intended to both exhibit and tentatively affirm fundamental designing standards. Awesome care has been given to every thing to give wide exploratory degree without unduly entangling or bargaining the outline. Each bit of mechanical assembly is independent and smaller. Setting up time is insignificant, and all estimations are made with the least difficult conceivable instrumentation, so the understudy inclusion is absolutely with the designing standards being educated. A total guideline manual is given portraying the mechanical assembly, its application, test technique and run of the mill test comes about.
Highlights Low cost, compelling instructing. Independent. Divider mounted. Brake lining contact material. Variable plate weight. 3 widths of grating plate. Assurance of coefficient of grating. Three year guarantee. Scope of Experiments To decide the coefficient of grating of the plate material. To demonstrate that the base torque to keep up turn is relative to the hub load and breadth of the grinding circle. Portrayal The divider mounted device includes a lower stationary plate with erosion circles and an aluminum compound plate whose pole turns in metal rollers however which is in coordinate contact with the stationary plate. The base power on the grinding circle is the self weight of the upper plate, however the contact weight can be expanded by adding weights to the upper plate. Unadulterated torque is connected to the upper plate through two stacked lines and pulleys. Three exchangeable grinding circles are provided of various measurements. This gear is a piece of a range intended to both exhibit and tentatively affirm essential building standards. Extraordinary care has been given to every thing in order to give wide trial scope without unduly confusing or trading off the plan. Each bit of mechanical assembly is independent and reduced. Setting up time is negligible, and all estimations are made with the least complex conceivable instrumentation, so the understudy inclusion is simply with the building standards being educated. An entire guideline manual is given portraying the contraption, its application, test strategy and regular test outcomes.
Highlights Low-savvy instructing. Independent. Divider mounted. Variable point of lap. 4 distinctive vee points. Assurance of coefficient of rubbing. Confirmation of belt pressure law. Three year guarantee. Scope of Experiments To explore the proportion of belt strains when a rope ignores pulleys of various Vee edge To decide the coefficient of grating between the steel pulley and cotton rope. To evaluate the variety of belt strain proportion with lap edge. Depiction The mechanical assembly comprises of a divider mounted settled pulley with a stacked belt. Four distinctive pulleys are provided with various vee groove edges; level edge, 120°, 90°, and 60°. A heap is added to one of two holders until the rope just starts to slide. This is the datum condition. Burdens are currently added to the two sides of the rope to cause moderate sliding of the rope. This empowers the coefficient of grinding to be acquired. The point of lap can be effortlessly varied.This gear is a piece of a range intended to both show and tentatively affirm fundamental designing standards. Incredible care has been given to every thing to give wide exploratory extension without unduly convoluting or bargaining the outline. Each bit of device is independent and conservative. Setting up time is negligible, and all estimations are made with the least complex conceivable instrumentation, so the understudy association is absolutely with the designing standards being educated. A total guideline manual is given depicting the mechanical assembly, its application, exploratory method and run of the mill test comes about..
Highlights Self-contained. Seat mounted. Intriguing assurance of coefficient of sliding erosion. Examination of single consonant movement. of wavering bar. Confirmation of condition of movement. Three year guarantee. Scope of Experiments To decide the coefficient of sliding grating between the gentle steel haggles bar of different materials. To check the condition of movement for the wavering bar. To contemplate the meaning of an impact line for shear drive. To examine the impact of the vertical position of the bar focus of gravity. Depiction A variable speed electric engine drives two pivoting wheels on which an example bar wavers with a solitary consonant movement because of the even weight that it applies on each wheel thusly. The bar recurrence is reliant on the coefficient of sliding contact. Various example bars of various materials are given. The separation between the two wheels can be shifted. A stop watch is given. This gear is a piece of a range intended to both show and tentatively affirm essential designing standards. Extraordinary care has been given to every thing in order to give wide test scope without unduly muddling or bargaining the outline. Each bit of mechanical assembly is independent and minimal. Setting up time is insignificant, and all estimations are made with the least complex conceivable instrumentation, so the understudy inclusion is simply with the building standards being educated. A total direction manual is given depicting the device, its application, exploratory method and run of the mill test comes about..
Highlights Designed for use with little Windmills. Variable breeze speed. Sensibly uniform breeze speed dissemination. Whirl free. Fan commotion hushed. Three year guarantee. Scope of Experiments Not specifically relevant, yet the breeze stream must be aligned before utilize. 32 Wind speed readings appropriated over the stream must be gotten from which the normal breeze speed is resolved, for a scope of wind speeds. Depiction Designed to coordinate the Windmill, the breeze machine builds up a breeze stream of 1000mm ostensible measurement at a scope of rates upto 10m/s. Wind speed conveyance is sensibly uniform, and silencers are fitted to diminish the clamor from the recycling fan. The breeze is produced by an eight edge pivotal stream fan driven by a three stage variable speed, six post electric engine. A stator and honeycomb diffuser are introduced downstream of the fan to decrease wind whirl. The Windmill can be joined to the centralized computer of the breeze machine . This hardware is a piece of a range intended to both show and tentatively affirm essential designing standards. Incredible care has been given to every thing in order to give wide exploratory extension without unduly confounding or bargaining the outline. Each bit of device is independent and minimal. Setting up time is negligible, and all estimations are made with the easiest conceivable instrumentation, so the understudy contribution is simply with the designing standards being instructed. A total guideline manual is given depicting the device, its application, test methodology and normal test outcomes..
Shoe Flex Tester - The Shoe Flex Tester is utilized for assurance of the capacity of the full shoe to withstand the impact of flexing stresses delivered on the diverse parts of the shoe. In spite of the fact that the different parts like uppers and soles of a shoe are tried independently to flex continuance with the assistance of flexometer and Ross flex analyzer, the shoe flex analyzer gives comes about, which are more identified with the genuine execution of the shoe all in all. common lab types of gear makers.
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